Edited News | UNITED NATIONS
Geneva Conventions commemoration hears urgent call to respect laws of war
Seventy-five years since the ratification of the Geneva Conventions, a former child soldier-turned foreign minister of Sierra Leone urged greater international support for the key accords, highlighting their importance in rehabilitating him and tens of thousands of his fellow compatriots following the country’s bitter civil war.
“I stand here today as a former child soldier, forcefully recruited during the civil conflict that decimated over 50,000 of my compatriots… I wouldn't be the person I am today without the critical support of the ICRC and the international community,” Musa Timothy Kabba told Members of the Security Council, referring to UN-partner the International Committee of the Red Cross, founded in the Swiss city in 1863 to protect and provide humanitarian assistance, in line with earlier accords designed to protect people in conflict.
Addressing the forum gathered at UN Geneva to mark the moment in 1949 when the international community revised three earlier Conventions - concerning the protection of soldiers wounded in battle, victims of conflict at sea and prisoners of war – and added a fourth to protect civilians impacted by war, Mr. Kabba said that he “need not dwell upon the trauma of those years” as a young soldier. “But I do need to acknowledge here today, in this birthplace of modern global humanitarianism, that it was the ICRC which profoundly helped me to overcome…the trauma of my war experience and to be reabsorbed in normal society”, after the country’s civil war in the 1990s, “during which most of the cardinal principles of the Geneva Conventions were violated”.
From Mozambique, Permanent Representative to the UN in New York, Pedro Comissario Afonso, insisted that the Geneva Conventions were both “a moral beacon and legal compass during and after the armed conflict in our country”, fought from 1977 to 1992. “The international humanitarian law espoused in the texts “guided the actions not only of the parties involved in conflict, but also of the humanitarian organizations that work to tirelessly to alleviate the suffering of the Mozambican people”, he continued.
The Conventions’ onus on legal and institutional norms with regard to armed conflict ensure in the Government’s approach to confronting non-state armed actors responsible for terror attacks in the country’s north, the Mozambican representative continued.
From hosts Switzerland, Foreign Minister Ignazio Cassis juxtaposed the historic milestone with the “alarming” international context.
“More than 120 armed conflicts are under way around the world,” he said. “There is Sudan, whose ceasefire talks have been held near here in recent days. There is also Ukraine, Yemen and the Middle East, to name just a few of the current conflicts that neither multilateralism nor international law have been able to avoid, let alone resolve.”
In a call for greater support for belligerents to respect international humanitarian law (IHL), Mr. Cassis insisted that IHL “cannot simply be a right written on the paper of our good conscience, nor even a right à la carte; there must be the right to action. Our voices must be powerful and convincing enough so that their echo resonates all the way to the battlefields”.
While the forum heard about the concerning trend among some nations of arguing for exemptions with regard to the clearly defined limits on what is legally allowed in war, Mirjana Spoljaric Egger insisted that there was “no reason to celebrate” the blatant disregard many States showed for the Conventions. Ms. Egger insisted that States should use “their influence and power” to enable independent and neutral humanitarian actors her organization to fulfil their role.
The ICRC President also underscored the changing nature of modern warfare which presents another challenge to international humanitarian law and efforts by the global community to limit its impact: “States must affirm that the use of new technologies of warfare, artificial intelligence, cyber operations, information operations strictly adhere to IHL and more specifically, it is urgent that States develop a normative framework that imposes certain limits on autonomous weapons systems.”
From UN Geneva, Director-General Tatiana Valovaya noted that “even if the Conventions are violated” in conflicts around the world, they remain fundamentally important, “because they allow us to remind everybody that the wars have rules, even the wars have limits”. Member States, the UN and International Geneva continue to work to develop IHL, among other “critical global issues” that are discussed and acted upon in Geneva, Ms. Valovaya insisted, from digital governance to disarmament and from health to humanitarian affairs, sustainable development and more.
Expressing the widely shared call for far greater engagement by all governments on IHL, Andrew Clapham, Professor of International Law at the Geneva Graduate Institute, told delegates that violations of the Geneva Conventions “are not just technicalities to be dealt with by somebody else”.
It should not be just the responsibility of the International Criminal Court or the International Court of Justice, humanitarian workers or the Red Cross to ensure the protection of civilians or access for aid workers, he insisted. “Violations of the Geneva Convention should be part of the daily diet of State representatives working for peace and security; taking seriously reports about violations of the Geneva Conventions puts you on the path to peace and preventing conflicts.”
Striking a more positive note, ICRC Chief Legal Officer and Head of the Legal Division, Cordula Droege, maintained that “every day, even in the world's harshest conflicts, IHL is actually being respected in countless instances”.
Often unreported acts of compliance with the Geneva Conventions “do save lives, preserve dignity and ensure humanitarian access”, she insisted. “And over the decades there can be no doubt that the Geneva Conventions have saved millions of lives.”
Members of Security Council informal meeting on Geneva Conventions
TRT: 4 min 38s
SOURCE: UNTV CH
RESTRICTIONS: NONE
LANGUAGE: ENGLISH / FRENCH / NATS
ASPECT RATIO: 16:9
DATELINE: 26 AUGUST 2024 GENEVA, SWITZERLAND
SHOTLIST
1
1
1
Edited News | OHCHR , UNOG
The UN Human Rights Spokesperson Ravina Shamdasani provided the following update on UN Human Rights Office work in Bangladesh at the bi-weekly press conference.
1
1
1
Edited News | WHO
Humanitarian pauses in Gaza fighting will enable polio vaccine campaign to begin Sunday, says WHO
The United Nations has reached a tentative agreement with parties involved in the war in Gaza for humanitarian pauses to allow 640,000 children to be vaccinated amid an outbreak of the virus. According to UN World Health Organization (WHO) Representative for the Occupied Palestinian Territories, Dr. Rik Peeperkorn, the two-round vaccination campaign is due to begin on 1 September in central Gaza for three days, then move to the southern and northern areas. A second dose will be administered after four weeks.
1
1
1
Edited News | OHCHR , UNOG
At the bi-weekly press conference in Geneva, Ravina Shamdasani Spokesperson for the Office of the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights made the following comments on the recent adoption of the repressive law in Afghanistan.
1
1
2
Edited News | WHO , OCHA
In Gaza, repeated mass evacuation orders issued by the Israeli military are radically shrinking the space in which aid workers can operate and depriving war-weary Palestinians of desperately needed relief items and health care, UN humanitarians said on Tuesday.
1
1
1
Edited News | OCHA , UNHCR , WHO
Aid teams cite huge challenges in tackling new Sudan cholera outbreak
Protecting war-weary people in Sudan from a second deadly cholera outbreak is proving a huge challenge for aid teams after more than 16 months of heavy fighting, combined with flooding and ongoing access obstacles, they reported on Friday.
1
1
1
Edited News | WHO
Mpox is “not the ‘new COVID’” and European governments need to show strong political commitment to eliminate it, while standing in solidarity with Africa, a top official of the UN World Health Organization (WHO) said on Tuesday.
1
1
2
Edited News | OCHA , UNRWA , WHO , WFP
As the aid worker community commemorated fallen colleagues at solemn ceremonies marking World Humanitarian Day on Monday, frontline staff putting their lives on the line today highlighted the risks of providing help to vulnerable communities.
1
1
1
Edited News | OHCHR
OHCHR condemns settler attack in Jit, citing Israeli policy and impunity as causes.
1
1
1
Edited News | WHO , WFP
UN aid agencies on Friday welcomed the news that the Sudanese authorities will open Adre border crossing from Chad into Sudan, as the war-torn country faces famine or acute hunger in many regions, with many roads impassable owing to heavy rains.
1
1
1
Edited News | OHCHR
UN Human Rights Chief urges accountability for rights violations in Bangladesh's transition.
1
1
1
Edited News | OHCHR
UN rights chief alarmed by detentions and violence post-Venezuela elections.
1
1
1
Edited News | UNITED NATIONS
Conflict in Myanmar between the military junta and opposition forces is increasingly brutal, with both sides likely responsible for international crimes including summary executions, top independent rights investigators said on Tuesday.